Bu makalede durum ve hareket fiillerini okuyacaksınız.
İngilizce’deki fiil üç farklı kategoride bulunur. Bunlar,
- Eylem veya Yapma Fiilleri,
- Durum Fiilleri (durum veya statik) ve
- Bağlama Fiilleridir (Kopula / Kopular).
Durum ve hareket fiilleri
Hareket Fiilleri
Eylem fiilleri, öznenin doğrudan fiziksel veya zihinsel eylemini ifade eder. Eylem fiilleri ayrıca Yapma veya Dinamik Fiiller olarak da adlandırılır. Bu fiiller progressive fiil biçimleri yani -ing eki alabilir. Durum Fiillerinin zıttıdırlar.
Examples:
- The children are drawing cartoon pictures. (shows a physical action)
- She imagines a lot of things. (shows a mental action)
- They are writing their annual examinations. (a physical action)
Durum ve Hareket fiilleri karşılaştırma
Durum Fiilleri | Hareket fiilleri |
Stative (state or static) Verbs describe a state or situation of a verb. | Action Verbs (Dynamic Verbs) describe mental or physical activity. |
Stative Verbs can never be used in the continuous tense. | Action Verbs can be used in the continuous tense. |
Stative Verbs don’t begin and don’t end. | Action Verbs stop and start. |
Stative Verbs (state or static)
Statik bir durumu, sahip olmayı veya olma durumunu tanımlayan fiillere Durum (durum veya statik) Fiiller denir. Bu fiiller genellikle düşünceler, ilişkiler, duygular, duyular veya varlık durumlarıyla ilgilidir. Hareket Fiilleri zihinsel veya fiziksel aktiviteyi tanımladığından Hareket Fiillerinin (Dinamik Fiiller) zıttıdırlar.
Bazı yaygın Durum Fiillerin listesi:
Duyu Fiilleri | hear, see, smell, taste, touch, |
Algı Fiilleri | notice, recognize.., |
Duygu ve Duyguların Fiilleri | feel, want, wish, desire, feel, like, dislike, love, hate, hope, refuse, prefer, care, respect, please, promise, satisfy, deny, admire…, |
Düşünme Fiilleri | think, know, suppose, believe, find, disbelieve, doubt, agree, disagree, consider, trust, remember, forget, know, understand, misunderstand, imagine, mean, mind, remember, recollect, realize, recognize, deserve, involve, depend…, |
Sahiplik Fiilleri | have, has, had, possess, owe, own, weigh, belong to, contain, need, consist of, comprise…, |
görünme fiilleri | appear, seem, resemble., |
Bu fiiller durağan durumları tanımladıkları için ilerlemeyen fiil biçimleridir. Basit ve perfect zamanlarda kullanılabilirler, ancak sürekli ve perfect continuous zamanlarda kullanılamazlar.
Examples
DOĞRU | YANLIŞ |
I see a T.V. programme. | I am seeing a T.V. programme. |
He does not understand it. | He is not understanding it. |
I know it all along | I am knowing it all along |
She tastes the curry. | She is tasting the curry. |
This house belongs to my uncle. | This house is belonging to my uncle. |
Mother loves her children very much. | Mother is loving her children very much. |
She hated me like poison. | She was hating me like poison. |
He does not believe in God. | He is not believing in God. |
I have not seen you for 2 years. | I have not been seeing you for 2 years |
Bhaskar wants to become a mechanic | Bhaskar is wanting to become a mechanic |
He thinks that he is a hero | He is thinking that he is a hero |
My friend had two cars. | My friend was having two cars. |
Stative – durumsal fiiller. (Sonu -ing almayan fiiller)
Verb | Fiil kategorisi | Correct | Not Correct |
abhor | Emotional | Jon’s father abhors parties. | |
adore | Emotional | I absolutely adore french food. | |
agree | Mental | She didn’t agree with us. | She wasn’t agreeing with us. |
agree | Mental | To some extent, I agree with you. | |
agree | Mental | When it comes to one bone, two dogs rarely agree. | |
agree | Mental | It’s easier for friends to agree when they’re separated. | |
agree | Mental | It’s rare for two people in the same trade to agree. | |
agree | Mental | I had to agree when he said that. | |
agree | Mental | It’s rare for two people in the same trade to agree. | |
agree | Mental | Do you agree? | |
appear | Mental | It appears to be raining. | It is appearing to be raining. |
appreciate | Emotional | I appreciate what you are doing for me. | |
appreciate | Emotional | We appreciate what Max has done for our family. | |
appreciate | Emotional | Craig really appreciates loyalty. | |
be | Diğer | She is here. | |
believe | Mental | I don’t believe the news. | I am not believing the news. |
believe | Mental | I believe you. | |
believe | Mental | Do you believe in God? | |
believe | Mental | You don’t expect me to believe that, do you? | |
believe | Mental | Atheists are people who do not believe in God. | |
believe | Mental | Voters, they believe, can be easily manipulated. | |
believe | Mental | ‘I don’t believe so!’ | |
believe | Mental | They believe that defying convention is necessary. | |
believe | Mental | It was impossible to believe the story. | |
believe | Mental | I believe he has begun to study anthropology. | |
believe | Mental | I don’t believe she is cruel. | |
believe | Mental | I believe they were correct. | |
believe | Mental | I believe he is a covert fascist. | |
believe | Mental | You should not believe everything you read on the internet. | |
believe | Mental | Do you believe in ghosts like I do? | |
believe | Mental | Don’t believe everything you see or even half of what you hear. | |
believe | Mental | Do you get what I’m saying? —I believe so. | |
believe | Mental | You won’t believe what happened! | |
believe | Mental | They’re starting to look suspicious, I believe. | |
believe | Mental | I believe that a soft sell is preferred by the majority of customers. | |
believe | Mental | I truly believe it will be successful. | |
belong | Possession | This book belonged to my grandfather. | This book was belonging to my grandfather. |
belong | Possession | This car belongs to Hanna. | |
belong | Possession | Who does this belong to? | |
care | Emotional | I don’t care. | |
concern | Mental | This concerns you. | This is concerning you. |
concern | Mental | Nothing concerns me. | |
consist | Possession | Bread consists of flour, water and yeast. | Bread is consisting of flour, water and yeast. |
consist | Possession | The exam consists of three parts. | |
contain | Possession | This box contains a cake. | This box is containing a cake. |
contain | Possession | Milk contains natural sugar. | |
contain | Possession | The syrup contains alcohol. | |
contain | Possession | Does this contain nuts? | |
cost | Diğer | It costs 20 dollars. | |
cost | Diğer | How much will it cost to fix the car? | |
depend | Diğer | It depends on the weather. | It’s depending on the weather. |
depend | Diğer | That depends on the weather. | |
deserve | Emotional | He deserves to pass the exam. | He is deserving to pass the exam. |
deserve | Emotional | We don’t deserve anything without earning it. | |
deserve | Emotional | Shami deserves the credit for this win. | |
despise | Emotional | Why do you despise me so much? | |
disagree | Mental | I disagree with you. | I am disagreeing with you. |
disagree | Mental | Why do you always disagree with me? | |
dislike | Emotional | I have disliked mushrooms for years. | I have been disliking mushrooms for years. |
dislike | Emotional | I dislike tomatoes. | |
dislike | Emotional | How can he dislike chocolates? | |
dislike | Emotional | His coworkers had a strong dislike for him. | |
dislike | Emotional | Tom dislikes math. | |
doubt | Mental | I doubt what you are saying. | I am doubting what you are saying. |
doubt | Mental | Every time we doubted him, he proved us wrong. | |
doubt | Mental | In his mind, there is still some doubt. | |
doubt | Mental | He is, without a doubt, guilty. | |
doubt | Mental | There didn’t appear to be any doubt. | |
doubt | Mental | His innocence is beyond a shadow of a doubt. | |
doubt | Mental | The cops proved his guilt beyond a shadow of a doubt. | |
doubt | Mental | I have my doubts about the veracity of this report. | |
enjoy | Emotional | Kelly enjoys walking in the rain. | |
envy | Emotional | I do not envy at their wealth, titles, offices. | |
fear | Senses | We fear to be hit by the storm again. | |
feel | Emotional | I don’t feel that this is a good idea. | I am not feeling that this is a good idea. |
feel | Emotional | I feel depressed today. | |
feel | Emotional | I feel really cold. | |
feel | Emotional | How do you feel about the situation? | |
fit | Diğer | This shirt fits me well. | This shirt is fitting me well. |
fit | Diğer | These trousers fit very well. | |
forget | Mental | I can’t forget what happened that day. | |
forget | Mental | Did you forget the sandwiches? | |
guess | Mental | I’ll take your guess as good as mine. | |
guess | Mental | The best guess for the first deliveries is April. | |
hate | Emotional | Julie’s always hated dogs. | Julie’s always been hating dogs. |
hate | Emotional | I hate traffic. | |
hate | Emotional | I hated Mathematics for many years. | |
hate | Emotional | I’m not sure why he hates his parents so much. | |
hate | Emotional | Kelly hates sushi. | |
have | Possession | We have some issues with the network. | We are having some issues with the network. |
have | Possession | I have a lot of friends. | |
have | Possession | All of us have a gaming laptop. | |
have | Possession | Do you have a pencil? | |
have | Possession | They have a big house. | |
hear | Senses | Do you hear music? | Are you hearing music? |
hear | Senses | Do you hear that noise? | |
hear | Senses | Can you hear someone crying? | |
hear | Senses | Did you hear what she said? | |
hope | Emotional | Chris hopes to go to university. | |
imagine | Mental | I imagine you must be tired. | I am imagining you must be tired. |
imagine | Mental | I imagine that the hike is very hard. | |
imagine | Mental | I can imagine he was enraged. | |
imagine | Mental | I can’t imagine a better wife for you. | |
imagine | Mental | Now, I can’t imagine life without the kids. | |
impress | Mental | He impressed me with his story. | He was impressing me with his story. |
impress | Mental | Your comment doesn’t impress me much. | |
include | Possession | This cookbook includes a recipe for bread. | This cookbook is including a recipe for bread. |
include | Possession | This meal includes a free drink. | |
involve | Possession | The job involves a lot of travelling. | The job is involving a lot of travelling. |
know | Mental | I’ve known Julie for ten years. | I’ve been knowing Julie for ten years. |
know | Mental | Jason knows all the answers. | |
know | Mental | Every man knows himself best. | |
know | Mental | Fools never know when they’re in good health. | |
know | Mental | True progress is knowing oneself. | |
know | Mental | John doesn’t know the answer. | |
lack | Possession | You lack motivation. | |
lack | Possession | This movie lacks a story. | |
like | Emotional | I like reading detective stories. | I am liking reading detective stories. |
like | Emotional | Do you like Chinese food? | |
like | Emotional | She does not like me. | |
like | Emotional | I can’t imagine a scene like that. | |
like | Emotional | If you don’t like your food, don’t eat it. | |
like | Emotional | It looks like it’s going to rain. | |
like | Emotional | Virtue is like a beautiful plain stone set. | |
like | Emotional | I’d like to get a job. | |
like | Emotional | If you’d like, we can get to work right away. | |
like | Emotional | We despise people like him. | |
like | Emotional | I’d like to see my son take more initiative. | |
like | Emotional | Friendship is like wine in that the older it gets, the better it is. | |
like | Emotional | There’s nothing like an old fool to make you laugh. | |
like | Emotional | I like this song. | |
look | Perception | You look really beautiful today. | |
love | Emotional | We loved his performance last night. | |
love | Emotional | Ashish loves his parents more than anyone in the world. | |
love | Emotional | His kingdom is ruled by love without saying anything. | |
love | Emotional | When love fails, we become acutely aware of all flaws. | |
love | Emotional | The renewal of love is the falling out of lovers. | |
love | Emotional | One type of love is that which is based on faith. | |
love | Emotional | No love isn’t fair in prison. | |
love | Emotional | In love and war, everything is fair. | |
love | Emotional | All is fair in love and war, according to Anne Frank. | |
love | Emotional | I love pizza. | |
love | Perception | I love chocolate. | I’m loving chocolate.* |
love | Perception | We love the class. | We are loving the class. |
love | Perception | We love holidays. | |
matter | Diğer | It doesn’t matter. | It isn’t mattering. |
matter | Diğer | You matter a lot to me. | |
mean | Mental | ‘Enormous’ means ‘very big’. | ‘Enormous’ is meaning ‘very big’. |
mean | Mental | That doesn’t mean anything bad. | |
mean | Mental | Stop speaking in riddles and start saying what you mean. | |
mean | Mental | Please accept my apologies; I didn’t mean to scare you. | |
mean | Mental | I didn’t mean to offend you in any way. | |
mean | Mental | What exactly do you mean? | |
mean | Mental | To the average punter, the technical details are meaningless. | |
mean | Mental | With a wink, he said, “Know what I mean?” | |
mean | Mental | Small compliments can mean a lot to me at times. | |
measure | Diğer | This window measures 150cm. | This window is measuring 150cm. |
mind | Emotional | She doesn’t mind the noise. | She isn’t minding the noise. |
need | Emotional | At three o’clock yesterday I needed a taxi. | At three o’clock yesterday I was needing a taxi. |
need | Emotional | The students needed some extra classes for English. | The students were needing some extra classes for English. |
need | Emotional | Plants need water. | |
need | Emotional | Everyone needs money to survive. | |
need | Emotional | He needed food very badly. | |
need | Emotional | I am so thirsty! I need some water. | |
owe | Possession | I owe you £20. | I am owing you £20. |
own | Possession | I have owned this place for 10 years. | I have been owning this place for 10 years. |
own | Possession | She owns two cars. | She is owning two cars. |
own | Possession | He owns an apartment in New York. | |
own | Possession | My friend Rohan owns this hotel. | |
own | Possession | I own three cars. | |
possess | Possession | Our professor possesses a lot of knowledge. | |
prefer | Mental | I prefer chocolate ice cream. | I am preferring chocolate ice cream. |
prefer | Mental | I definitely prefer coffee. | |
prefer | Mental | Most of my friends prefer tea over coffee. | |
prefer | Mental | The vast majority of those polled prefer television to radio. | |
prefer | Mental | Do you prefer savory or sweet foods? | |
prefer | Mental | I prefer to paint with watercolors in general. | |
prefer | Mental | I prefer classical music to pop music. | |
pretend | Mental | We can’t pretend to be your friend. | |
pretend | Mental | He pretended to be a cop in front of my friends. | |
promise | Mental | I promise to help you tomorrow. | I am promising to help you tomorrow. |
promise | Mental | I promise not to do it again. | |
reach | Diğer | The car reaches a top speed of 300km/h. | |
realise | Mental | I didn’t realise the problem. | I wasn’t realising the problem. |
realize | Mental | Don’t you realize that this is impossible? | |
recall | Mental | I can’t recall the date. | |
recognise | Mental | I didn’t recognise my old friend. | I wasn’t recognising my old friend. |
recognize | Mental | We don’t recognize you anymore. | |
recognize | Mental | They didn’t recognize me. | |
remember | Mental | He didn’t remember my name. | He wasn’t remembering my name. |
remember | Mental | I remember everything about that day. | I am remembering everything about that day. |
remember | Mental | Do you remember that day? | |
remember | Mental | Always remember too little and forget too much. | |
remember | Mental | I can’t remember what we learned yesterday. | |
resemble | Diğer | She resembles my younger sister. | |
see | Senses | I see a lot of protestors on the road. | |
see | Senses | I can see that you have lost some weight. | |
see | Senses | We see what you mean. | |
seem | Senses | The weather seems to be improving. | The weather is seeming to be improving. |
seem | Senses | This task seems hard work. | |
seem | Senses | You seem unhappy with the results, aren’t you? | |
seem | Senses | You seem upset about something. | |
sense | Senses | I sense danger here. Let’s move fast. | |
smell | Perception | Something smells bad here. | |
smell | Perception | You smell great. | |
smell | Perception | I can smell something burning. | |
sound | Senses | This ringtone sounds great. | This ringtone is sounding great. |
sound | Senses | Your idea sounds great. | Your idea is sounding great. |
sound | Senses | He sounds quite confident. | |
suppose | Mental | I suppose John will be late. | I’m supposing John will be late. |
suppose | Mental | I suppose you are not coming with us. | |
suppose | Mental | I suppose he’s a business neophyte. | |
surprise | Mental | The noise surprised me. | The noise was surprising me. |
suspect | Mental | A local gang is suspected by police. | |
suspect | Mental | In this case, he is the police’s top suspect. | |
suspect | Mental | The suspect was beaten until he confessed. | |
suspect | Mental | The prime suspect has been identified as her. | |
suspect | Mental | Dark hair and green eyes characterize the suspect. | |
suspect | Mental | The suspect is being held under constant surveillance. | |
taste | Senses | The pizza tasted good. | The pizza was tasting good. |
taste | Senses | The soup tastes delicious. | |
taste | Senses | This cake tastes heavenly. | |
taste | Senses | The food tastes awful. | |
taste | Senses | I taste a hint of lemon. | |
think | Mental | I think you should leave now. It’s getting late. | |
think | Mental | I think he’s a thief. | |
think | Mental | Do you think it’ll rain today? | |
think | Mental | She doesn’t think much of him. | |
touch | Senses | Little children like to touch everything. | |
understand | Mental | Do you understand my question? | Are you understanding my question? |
understand | Mental | I don’t understand this question. | I’m not understanding this question. |
understand | Mental | The students don’t understand the book. | |
understand | Mental | I now understand that wars do not end. | |
understand | Mental | I completely understand why you made your decision. | |
understand | Mental | No one understands what I’m going through. | |
understand | Mental | I’m not sure I understand everything. | |
understand | Mental | I completely understand. | |
value | Emotional | I really value our friendship. | |
want | Possession | I want to go to the cinema tonight. | I am wanting to go to the cinema tonight. |
want | Possession | The students want notes for English classes. | |
want | Possession | She wanted a cook. | |
want | Possession | I don’t want to be stranded at home in the dark. | |
want | Possession | She made it clear that she didn’t want to talk. | |
want | Possession | Do it yourself if you want a job well done. | |
want | Possession | Prepare for war if you want peace. | |
want | Possession | Do you want some more? | |
weigh | Diğer | This cake weighs 450g. | This cake is weighing 450g. |
weigh | Diğer | He weighs 70 kilograms. (His weight is 70 kilograms) | |
wish | Emotional | I wish I had studied more. | I am wishing I had studied more. |
wish | Emotional | We wish her the best of luck in her new endeavor. | |
wish | Emotional | I only wish I had known! | |
wish | Emotional | I wish I could find a photo of Thomas. | |
wish | Emotional | I wish you were more upbeat. | |
wish | Emotional | I wish I was/were a couple of inches taller. | |
wish | Emotional | They wish for a decrease in prices. | |
wish | Emotional | I wish we had access to a vehicle. |
Fiiller Hem Durumsal hem de Dinamik Fiiller Olabilir
Stative: | Dynamic: | |
Look | You look fantastic in that dress. | She is looking at her reflection in the mirror. |
Appear | He appears to be unhappy. | She was appearing in concert at Carnegie Hall. |
Think | I think that Mr. Peter is a good teacher. | I am thinking about my family right now. |
Feel | I feel that we ought to accept his proposal. | I’m feeling a bit dozy this afternoon. |
Have | They have a Mercedes Benz. | We’re having a party on Saturday. |
See | Do you see that bird? | The doctor is seeing a patient now. |
Taste | Mmm! This tastes good! | My mother is tasting the potato soup. |
Smell | The stew smells delicious. | Ann is smelling the perfume to see if she wants to buy it. |
Be | He is immature. | He is being immature. |
Weigh | The suitcase weighs 20 pounds. | The butcher is weighing the meat on the scale. |
Measure | The surfboard measures 2 meters by 55 centimeters. | The architects were measuring the distance between the pillars. |
Mind | I don’t mind if we watch a movie tonight. | I’m not being nosy. I’m minding my own business. |
Smell | The fish smells awful. | He smells the fish before packing them. |
Smell | You smell nice. | Just eat it; don’t smell it. |
Taste | The food tastes delicious. | Let him taste the food. |
Taste | What we had yesterday tasted tasted so bad. | The chef is tasting the food. |
See | Can you see me? | The doctor is seeing someone right now. (checking) |
See | I don’t see any problem here. | She is seeing someone these days. (dating) |
Have | Jon has a ship. | You can have (eat) my lunch. |
Have | I don’t have much time. | What are you having (drinking)? |
Think | I think he should try teaching. | I was thinking about our conversation. |
Think | We think we made a mistake there. | I am thinking about the solution right now. |
Look | You look dapper in the suit. | They are looking at you. |
Look | She looked tired in the class. | Why did you look at my sister angrily? |
Weigh | My phone weighs 200 grams. | The conductor is weighing the goods. |
Weigh | You don’t weigh more than 170 pounds. | I can’t weight your bike. It is allowed here. |
Measure | The TV screen measures 42 inches. | We can’t measure the statue without permission. |
Measure | The wall measures 12 feet vertically. | They are measuring the length of the house. |
Be | My friends are supportive. | He is being sarcastic. |
Be | You were mad at me last night. | Your brother was being mean to me last night. |
Feel | I feel we are smart enough to pass the test. | I am feeling something hot in my pocket. |
Appear | He appears to be a talented teacher. | Conor is appearing in the next show. |
Appear | It appears that didn’t enjoy the match. | Did Dhoni’s wife appear at the match? |
Tavsiye yazı:
Hafıza teknikleri: Hafızanızı geliştirmeniz için 29 Altın Yöntem [Bilim destekli]
Test&Quiz. Kendinizi test edin
- https://www.englishcoursemalta.com/learn/stative-vs-dynamic-verbs-exercise/
- https://www.tinyteflteacher.co.uk/learn-english/grammar-practice/verb-tenses-practice/state-and-action-verbs-practice
- https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/tenses/t120-state-action-verbs.htm
- https://www.eltbase.com/quiz/075_01.htm
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