Modal verbler yani modal fiiller, tavsiye, yetenek veya istekler gibi belirli varsayımsal koşulları ifade etmek için fiile yardımcı
olarak kullanılır.
Anlamını biraz değiştirmek için bir ana fiilin yanında kullanılırlar. Yardımcı fiil oldukları için tek başlarına kullanılmaları gerekmez.
Türkçe’de istek ve dilek-şart kiplerine karşılık gelir.
Örneğin
- I swim every Tuesday.
- I can swim every Tuesday.
Not;
Modal fiiller 3. tekil şahısla kullanılırken sonuna ‘s takısı almazlar
- (wrong) She musts walk her home everyday.
- (correct) She must walk her home everyday.
Türkçede fiil sonuna ek ekleyerek fiile kip kazandırırız. Fakat ingilizcede fiilden önce modal yardımcı fiili gelir.
Örneğin;
| Özne | Modals | Verb | Fiil | Ek | Not |
| You | can | walk | yürü | yebilirsin | (beceri) |
| You | could | walk | yürü | yebilirdin | (geçmiş) |
| You | would | walk | yürü | rdün | (şarta bağlı) |
| You | may | walk | yürü | yebilirsin | (ihtimal) |
| You | might | walk | yürü | yebilirsin | (ihtimal) |
| You | will | walk | yürü | yecek | (gelecek) |
| We | shall | walk | yürü | yelim | (istek kipi) |
| You | should | walk | yürü | melisin | (öneri) |
| You | must | walk | yürü | melisin | (zorunluluk) |
| You | have to | walk | yürü | melisin | (zorunluluk) |
10 modal verb örneği açıklaması
- Can (or cannot/can’t) bir şeyi nasıl yapabileceğini bilmek veya yapabilmek anlamında yetenek gösterir. Gayri resmi durumlarda, bir şey yapmasına izin verilmesi anlamında izni ifade eder. Ayrıca, bir eylemin teorik olarak mümkün olması anlamında olasılığı da gösterir. İstekliliği ifade eder veya sorgular. Son olarak, olumsuz olarak, yetersizlik veya imkansızlığı gösterir.
- Could (or couldn’t) geçmişte yetenek gösterir ve daha kibar bir biçimde izin veya isteklilik ifade eder veya sorar. Aynı zamanda şimdiki zamanda bir olasılığı veya mevcut bir eyleme bağlı olarak gelecekteki bir olasılığı tanımlar. Son olarak, istekte bulunmak veya öneride bulunmak için kullanılabilir.
- May resmi durumlarda, bir şey yapmasına izin verilmesi anlamında izni ifade etmek için kullanılır. Aynı zamanda şimdiki ve gelecekteki olasılığı ifade eder.
- Might resmi durumlarda ve ayrıca bir şey yapmasına izin verilmesi anlamında izni ifade etmek için kullanılır. Aynı zamanda şimdiki, gelecekteki ve geçmişteki olasılıkları ifade eder.
- Will (or won’t) isteklilik veya ilgi gösterir, niyetini ifade eder ve tahminlerde bulunur. Birine güven vermek veya karar vermesine yardımcı olmak, yarı resmi bir talepte bulunmak, alışılmış bir davranış sergilemek, bir söz veya tehditte bulunmak, gelecekten veya geçmişten kesin olarak bahsetmek için de kullanılır.
- Would (or wouldn’t) istekliliği sorgular, alışılmış aktiviteyi gösterir, birinin karakteristik davranışı hakkında yorum yapar, varsayımsal bir olasılık hakkında yorum yapar ve olası bir gerçek hakkında yorum yapar. Ayrıca izin istemek, ricada bulunmak ve tercihlerini ifade etmek için de kullanılır. Geçmişten bahsetmek, geçmişte gelecekten bahsetmek veya başka bir eyleme bağlı bir durumdan bahsetmek için kullanılabilir.
- Shall İngiltere’de ben ve biz için basit şimdiki zamanı oluşturmak ve gelecekte bir vaadi belirtmek için kullanılır. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde, kibar bir izin talebi içeren kibar sorular oluşturmak için ve evrensel olarak resmi veya yasal durumlarda kullanılır. Birine yardım teklif etmek, öneride bulunmak veya ne yapılması gerektiğini sormak için de kullanılabilir.
- Should (or shouldn’t) bir zorunluluk fikrini iletir veya bir öneride bulunur.
- Ought to olması gerektiği gibi aynı durumlarda, ancak daha güçlü bir yükümlülük veya yoğunluk duygusuyla kullanılır.
- Must (or mustn’t) bir varsayımda bulunur, ancak bazı kesinliklerle. Aynı zamanda daha saygılı bir şekilde bir emir verir ve should ve should to ile benzer bağlamlarda kullanılır, ancak bir dış yükümlülük duygusuyla. Yasağı olumsuz biçimde de ifade edebilir.
Modal verb cümle örnekleri
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| be able to | |||
| past | olumlu | Ability / Capability | After the operation John was able to walk again. (Single past occasion) |
| present | olumlu | Ability / Capability | I’m able to play tennis twice a week. (Circumstances permit me to do this) |
| future | olumlu | Ability / Capability | I will be able to visit Paris next year. (Nothing should prevent me from doing this) |
Can
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| can | |||
| present | olumlu | Ability / Capability | I can swim. |
| present | olumlu | Permission | You can go to the cinema. |
| present | olumlu | Possibility | Smoking can cause cancer. |
| present | olumlu | Offer | Can I help you, madam? |
| present | olumsuz | Negative deduction (present) | You can’t be hungry, you have just eaten two pizzas. |
| present | olumlu | Prohibition | You can never tell anyone. |
| present | soru | Permission | Can I use your phone, please? |
| present | olumlu | Ability | David can speak three languages. |
| present | soru | Permission (informal) | Can I sit in that chair please? |
| present | soru | Offers | Can I carry the luggage for you? |
| present | soru | Request | Can you help me move next Friday? |
| present | olumsuz | Inability or impossibility.[Negative Form: “Cannot” contracted to “can’t”] | We can’t fix it. |
| present | olumlu | an action is possible under a condition | We can arrive in time if we leave now. |
| present | olumlu | Ability | We can swim, but we can’t surf – yet! |
| present | soru | Permission (informal) | Mom, can I go over to my friend’s house? |
| [Note: In formal situations, you should use “may” in this case.] | |||
| present | olumlu | Ability | Percy can hold his breath for two minutes. |
| present | olumlu | Possibility | Such a disease can kill the whole of mankind. |
| present | olumlu | Ability | I can run fast. |
| present | olumsuz | Certainty | He can’t be American. His English is terrible. |
| present | soru | Permission | Can I go out? |
| past | olumsuz | Certainty | He can’t have written that poem. He was illiterate. |
| present | olumsuz | Ability | Our class can’t solve the math problem. |
| present | olumsuz | Ability | We cannot beat the other team. |
| present | olumsuz | Ability | Mr. Tracer can’t meet with you until tomorrow. |
Could
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| could | |||
| past | olumlu | Ability | I could swim when I was seven. |
| present | olumlu | Permission | We could go to the cinema once a week. |
| present | olumlu | Possibility | This vase could be very valuable. |
| present | soru | Request | Could I use your phone, please? |
| present | soru | Offer | Could I be of any help? |
| present | olumlu | Suggestion | You could buy Mary some flowers. |
| past | olumsuz | Negative deduction (past) | It couldn’t have been John because he has an alibi. |
| past | olumlu | Ability | When I was younger I could run fast. |
| present | soru | polite permission | Excuse me, could I just say something? |
| future | olumlu | possibility | It could rain tomorrow! |
| present | soru | Request | Could I borrow your dictionary? |
| present | soru | Request | Could you say it again more slowly? |
| present | olumlu | Ability in the past | I think we could have another Gulf War. |
| present | soru | Permission | Could I open the window? |
| past | olumlu | Ability in the past | Until he grew taller than me, I could run faster than my younger brother! |
| present | olumlu | possibility | We could go out for dinner, or we could just eat leftovers. |
| present | soru | polite permission | Could I borrow your car next week? |
| present | olumlu | possibility in the future that is dependant upon a present action. | If she practiced more, she could sing beautifully. |
| present | olumlu | possibility or probability that something will happen. | I could pass this class. |
| past | olumlu | Ability in the past | I could swim well as a child |
| present | soru | Request | Could I borrow your pencil? (Yes, you may.) |
| past | olumlu | Ability in the past | I could run fast. now I am old. |
| past | olumlu | Permission in the past | She could drive her father’s car when she was only 15. |
| past | olumlu | Possibility for now depends on past | I could have become a big star. |
had better
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| had better | |||
| present | olumlu | Advice | You had better take those wet clothes off. |
| present | olumlu | Recommendation | You had better tell me the truth. |
| present | olumlu | Advice | You’d better revise your lessons |
have to
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| have to | |||
| present | olumsuz | Lack of necessity | You don’t have to do all the exercises, only the first one. |
| past | olumlu | Obligation | You had to stop. |
| past | olumlu | Obligation | I had to work hard. |
| present | olumlu | Obligation | You have to stop when the traffic light is red. (imposed obligation) |
| present | olumsuz | Not necessary and not done | I don’t have to go to work tomorrow. |
| past | olumsuz | Not necessary and not done | I didn’t have to water the flowers yesterday because it rained. |
| present | olumsuz | Lack of necessity | You don’t have to take your umbrella. |
| present | olumlu | External Obligation | You have to take off your shoes before you get into the mosque. |
have to/need
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| have to/need | |||
| present | olumsuz | Lack of necessity | You don’t have to / needn’t buy any tomatoes. There are plenty in the fridge. |
| past | olumsuz | Lack of necessity | You didn’t have to take your umbrella. |
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| manage to | |||
| past | olumlu | Capable of doing sth with a degree of difficulty | I managed to get two tickets for the concert. (A degree of difficulty was involved) |
| present | olumlu | Capable of doing sth with a degree of difficulty | I manage to play tennis twice a week. |
| future | olumlu | Capable of doing sth with a degree of difficulty | I hope you will manage to come. (Even though you may encounter difficulty in doing this) |
may
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| may | |||
| present | olumlu | Permission | You may leave the room. |
| future | olumlu | Possibility | He may be waiting for us when we arrive. |
| present | soru | Request | May I use your phone, please? (formal request) |
| present | soru | Offer | May I help you, sir? |
| past | olumlu | Estimation | John may have gone to Spain. |
| present | soru | permission | May I use your phone, please? |
| future | olumlu | possibility, probability | It may rain tomorrow! |
| future | olumlu | Possibility | Richard may be coming to see us tomorrow. |
| present | soru | Ask for permission | May I borrow your dictionary? |
| present | soru | In formal situations, to express permission | May I be excused from the table? |
| present | olumlu | possibility or probability that something will happen. | Jason may bring chips to the party. |
| present | olumlu | possibility or probability that something will happen. | Lola may change her mind. |
| present | soru | permission | May I be excused? (No, you may not.) |
| future | olumlu | possibility | He may go to Delhi tomorrow. |
| present | soru | permission | May I go to the washroom? |
| past | olumlu | possibility | John may have missed his plane. |
| past | olumsuz | possibility | We may not have seen the sign. |
may/might
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| may/might | |||
| future | olumlu | To express possibility in the present and future. [Note: In this context, may and might are interchangeable.] | Dr. Fox may be your teacher next year. |
| present | olumlu | Possibility | It may / can / could / might rain. It’s cloudy. |
| present | olumlu | Possibility in the past | I guess it may / can / could / might have been Lacy on the phone. |
| present | olumlu | To express possibility in the present and future. [Note: In this context, may and might are interchangeable.] | Dr. Fox might be your teacher next year. |
might
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| might | |||
| present | olumlu | Possibility | John might come to your party. |
| past | olumlu | Estimation | Someone might have already told his wife. |
| present | olumsuz | Suggestion | You might not want to drink this because it’s very bitter. |
| present | olumlu | Conditional | If you invite him he might come. |
| past | olumlu | Conditional | If you had invited him he might have come to your party. |
| present | soru | polite permission | Might I suggest an idea? |
| future | olumlu | Possibility | I might go on holiday to Australia next year. |
| present | olumlu | Possibility | It looks nice, but it might be very expensive. |
| past | olumlu | The past form of “may” in reported speech | The President said he might come. |
| past | olumlu | Possibility in the past. | He might have seen the movie before he read the book. |
| present | soru | In formal situations, to express permission. more polite and tentative than may. | Might I be excused from the table? |
| present | olumlu | Possibility | My parents might say yes. |
| present | olumlu | Suggestion | You might want to wait until tomorrow. |
| present | olumlu | possibility | She might be sleeping now. |
| past | olumlu | possibility | My boss might have been a little rude. |
| past | olumlu | possibility | Judith might have gotten lost. |
| past | olumlu | possibility | This might not have been the best idea. |
must
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| must | |||
| present | olumlu | Deduction | He failed the exam. He must be disappointed. |
| present | olumlu | Obligation | John must work harder if he wants to pass this exam. (subjective obligation) |
| present | olumlu | Obligation | All expenses must be approved by the manager. |
| present | olumsuz | Prohibition | You mustn’t use this computer. (emphatic) |
| present | olumlu | Emphatic advice | You must see this film, it’s great. |
| present | olumlu | Strong obligation | You must stop when the traffic lights turn red. |
| present | olumlu | logical conclusion | He must be very tired. He’s been working all day long. |
| present | olumlu | Obligation/necessity | I must memorize all of these rules about tenses. |
| present | olumlu | Deduction | She lied to the police. She must be the murderer. |
| present | olumsuz | For prohibition (mustn’t only). | They mustn’t disrupt the work more than necessary. |
| present | olumlu | To make a command in a more respectful way. | You must do your homework before watching TV! |
| present | olumlu | Deduction | It’s already 9 PM! You must be hungry! |
| present | olumlu | Needs to happen | I must learn to drive. |
| present | olumlu | Needs to happen | Katie must work harder. |
| present | olumlu | Needs to happen | My sister must feed her dog. |
| present | olumlu | Suggestion | Tim must consider a third option. |
| present | olumsuz | Suggestion | You must not drink and drive. |
| present | olumsuz | Prohibition | You mustn’t smoke here. |
| present | olumlu | Certainty | He has a Rolls Royce. He must be very rich. |
| past | olumsuz | Prohibition in the past | You mustn’t have smoked there. |
| past | olumlu | Certainty in the past | He must have been rich. He had a big house and an expensive car. |
| present | olumsuz | Prohibition | You must not smoke in the hospital. |
| present | olumsuz | Prohibition | You mustn’t smoke in this restaurant. It’s forbidden. |
must/have to
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| must/have to | |||
| present | olumlu | Obligation | You must / have to stop when the traffic lights are red. |
need
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| need | |||
| present | soru | Necessity | Do you think I need to take an umbrella? |
| present | olumsuz | Necessity | You needn’t water the flowers as John will be back tomorrow. (not necessary) |
| past | olumsuz | Lack of necessity | I needn’t have watered the flowers because it rained in the afternoon. (done but not necessary) |
| present | olumsuz | lack of necessity | I need not buy tomatoes. There are plenty of tomatoes in the fridge. |
ought to
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| ought to | |||
| present | olumlu | Deduction | He has studied very hard he ought to pass the exam. |
| past | olumlu | Assumption | He ought to have received the parcel by now. |
| present | olumlu | Advice | You ought to go to the doctor’s. You ought not smoke so much. |
| present | olumlu | Recommendation | You ought to tell him the truth. |
| past | olumlu | Advice | You ought to have come to the meeting. It was interesting. |
| present | olumlu | Logical deduction | 30$ ought to be enough for the taxi. |
shall
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| Shall | |||
| present | soru | Suggestion | Shall we invite John or not? |
| present | olumlu | Decision | We shall overcome. |
| present | soru | Asking what to do | What shall we do? |
| present | soru | Offer | Shall we pick you up at 7.00? |
| present | soru | Offer | Shall I call a cab? |
| present | soru | Suggestion | Shall I call again on Thursday? |
| present | soru | Suggestion | Shall we say 2:30, then? |
| present | soru | Asking what to do | Shall I do that or will you? |
| present | soru | Offer | Shall I help you with your luggage? |
| present | olumlu | In formal or legal situations. | The plaintiff shall be allowed to speak. |
| future | olumlu | to indicate a promise in the future. | The package shall be delivered on Thursday. |
| future | soru | to form the simple present for I and we. | Shall we meet at 7? |
| present | soru | polite request for permission. | Shall I call you a taxi? |
| present | soru | advice | I have a toothache. What shall I do? |
| present | soru | advice | What shall we do with this problem? |
| present | soru | advice | What shall I do to get rid of my acne? |
| present | soru | advice | Shall I see a doctor? |
| present | soru | Suggestion | Shall we dance? |
| present | soru | Suggestion | Shall we meet next Monday? |
| present | soru | Suggestion | Shall we dance? |
| present | soru | Suggestion | Shall I get his phone number? |
| present | soru | Suggestion | Shall I close the door? |
| present | soru | Suggestion | Let’s go to the movies, shall we? |
| present | soru | Offer | Shall I help you with your heavy box? |
| present | soru | Offer | Shall I make you a cup of coffee? |
| present | soru | Offer | Shall I cook something for you? |
| present | soru | Offer | Shall I bring cookies with a cup of tea? |
| present | olumlu | In American English shall is mainly used in formal or legal documents: | You shall abide by the law. |
| present | olumlu | In American English shall is mainly used in formal or legal documents: | There shall be no trespassing on this property. |
| present | olumlu | In American English shall is mainly used in formal or legal documents: | Students shall not enter this room. |
| present | olumlu | a promise or certainty that something will happen. | I shall pass this class. |
| present | soru | to ask permission or grant permission | Shall I take your coat? (Yes, you may.) |
should
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| should | |||
| present | olumlu | to indicate that something needs to happen. | We should work together. |
| present | olumlu | Assumption / deduction | The plane should be landing now. |
| present | olumlu | Advice | You should go to the doctor’s. |
| present | olumlu | Recommendation | You should take one of these pills every day. |
| present | olumlu | Necessity | You should be wearing a coat, it’s very cold. |
| present | olumlu | Obligation | I should be studying but I’m too tired. |
| present | olumlu | Prediction | This should be a very good film. |
| present | olumlu | Prohibition | You should never repeat what you’ve just said. |
| present | olumlu | Advice | You should visit your dentist at least twice a year. |
| present | olumlu | Recommendation | You really should go to the new museum on Main Street. |
| present | olumlu | Uncertain prediction | I posted the cheque yesterday so it should arrive this week. |
| present | olumlu | Logical deduction | I’ve revised so I should be ready for the test. |
| present | olumlu | Suggestion | You should try this soup! |
| present | olumlu | Convey the idea of an obligation. | He should come to the meetings on time. |
| present | olumlu | to indicate that something needs to happen. | The teacher should extend the deadline. |
| present | olumlu | Suggestion | You should wear a coat today. |
| present | olumlu | Suggestion | You should wake up early in the morning. |
| present | olumlu | Advice | You should see a doctor. |
| past | olumlu | Need | The teacher should have explained the homework better. |
| past | olumlu | Advice | You should have seen a doctor |
should/ ought to
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| should/ought to | |||
| present | olumlu | Suggestion | I should / ought to see a doctor. I have a terrible headache. |
| present | olumlu | advice | You should / ought to revise your lessons |
| present | olumlu | Logical conclusion | He should / ought to be very tired. He’s been working all day long. |
will
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| will | |||
| future | olumlu | Assumption | He will have plenty of time to get to the airport. |
| future | olumlu | Deduction | He left home an hour ago. He’ll arrive any minute now. |
| future | olumlu | Future | He will be 27 next month. |
| future | olumlu | Offer | I’ll do the shopping. |
| future | olumlu | Promise | I will marry you. |
| future | olumlu | Intention | I will wait for you. |
| future | olumlu | Prediction | It will rain in Rome tomorrow. |
| future | olumlu | Conditional | If it rains tomorrow I will/won’t go to the cinema. |
| future | olumlu | Promise | Don’t worry, I will be here. |
| future | olumlu | Instant decision | I will take these books with me. |
| future | soru | Invitation/Offer | Will you give me a chance? |
| future | olumlu | Certain prediction | John Smith will be the next President. |
| future | olumlu | express intention. | I’ll (I will) mow the lawn if you clean the house. |
| future | olumlu | make a prediction. | The weather will be hot enough to go to the beach this weekend. |
| future | olumlu | habitual behavior. | I’m not surprised you don’t know what to do! You will keep talking in class. |
| future | soru | make a semi-formal request. | Will you open the window, please? It’s very hot in here. |
| future | soru | show willingness or interest. | We’re going to go to the mall. Will you come with us? |
| future | olumlu | making a promise or a threat. | If you don’t finish your dinner off, you’ll go straight to bed! |
| future | olumlu | reassure someone or to make a decision. | Don’t worry! You’ll settle down quickly, I’m sure. |
| future | olumlu | talking about the future or past with certainty. | Don’t bother calling: they’ll have left for their 10 o’clock meeting. |
| future | olumlu | prediction | He is a hardworking student. He’ll pass the exam. |
| future | olumlu | prediction | They say it will rain a lot in the northern part of the country. |
| future | olumlu | instant decision | Hang on. I’ll get a pen. |
| future | olumlu | instant decision | “I’ve left the door open.” “I’ll close it.” |
| future | olumlu | offers | I’ll give you a lift to the airport if you want. |
| future | olumlu | offers | We’ll come and see you next week. |
| future | soru | requests | Will you lend me your phone, please? |
| future | soru | requests | Will you carry this bag for me, please? |
| future | olumlu | promises | I’ll help you fix your car. |
| future | olumlu | promises | We’ll pay you a visit next week. |
| future | olumlu | commands | You will do what you are told. |
| future | soru | commands | Will you shut your mouth for a second? |
| future | olumlu | a promise or certainty that something will happen. | Jason will bring chips to the party. |
| future | olumlu | a promise or certainty that something will happen. | My parents will say yes. |
| future | olumlu | a promise or certainty that something will happen. | You will get hurt. |
| future | olumlu | a promise or certainty that something will happen. | Lola will change her mind. |
| future | olumlu | Estimation | John will be driving all night. |
| future | olumlu | Kurumsal | Our team will be waiting for your reply. |
| future | olumlu | Convey an info for future | I will have been working here for 30 years in December. |
| future | olumlu | Convey an info for future | Claire will have been playing the harp for seven years when she plays at the recital. |
| future | olumlu | Convey an info for future | My sister’s baby will have arrived by then. |
| future | olumlu | Convey an info for future | We will have finished the project by the time the concert starts. |
would
| zaman | olumlu/olumsuz/soru | Use | Example |
| would | |||
| present | soru | Possibility | Would John come with us? |
| present | soru | Request | Would you please answer the question? |
| present | soru | Estimation | What would I have done without you? |
| present | soru | Polite question | Would you, please, close the door? |
| present | soru | Offer | Would you like a cup of tea? |
| past | olumlu | Past tense ‘will’ (indirect speech) | John said he would take me to the cinema. |
| past | olumlu | Customary past action | She would take the dog for a walk every morning before going to work. |
| present | soru | Invitation | Would you like to come with us? |
| present | olumlu | Preference | I would rather have a cup of coffee. |
| present | olumlu | Conditional | If I were you I would leave. |
| past | olumlu | Conditional | If I had known you wanted to go to the concert I would have bought you a ticket. |
| present | soru | Asking for permission | Would you mind if I opened the window? |
| present | soru | Request | Would you make dinner? |
| future | soru | Making arrangements | Would you be available at 6 pm tonight? |
| present | soru | Invitation | Would you like to go out sometimes? |
| present | soru | Preferences | Would you prefer the window seat or the aisle? |
| present | soru | requests. | Would you pass the salt please? |
| present | soru | preferences. | Would you prefer tea or coffee? I’d like tea please. |
| present | soru | request permission. | Would you mind if I brought a colleague with me? |
| present | olumlu | show habitual activity . | The dog would bark every time the doorbell rang. |
| present | soru | enquire about willingness. | Would you like to come on vacation with us this year? |
| present | olumlu | comment on a likely truth. | The doorbell just rang. That would be your mother! |
| present | olumsuz | talk about refusals in the past. | She wouldn’t ride the roller coaster, no matter how much we begged her. |
| present | olumlu | comment on a hypothetical possibility. | If I trained, I would be able to run a marathon. |
| present | olumlu | talk about habitual behavior in the past. | Every Saturday, dad would make us pancakes. |
| past | olumlu | talk about the future in the past, as the past tense of “will”. | I knew it would be cold, so I packed sweaters and a coat. |
| present | olumlu | comment on someone’s characteristic behavior (often with a negative connotation). | Mrs. Jones gave us so much homework! She would ruin our weekends! (Meaning, it is just like her to do so.) |
| present | olumlu | To express a situation that is dependant upon another action | If I had a million dollars, I would buy a fancy car. |
| present | soru | to ask permission or grant permission | Would you mind if I sat here? (No, I wouldn’t.) |
| past | olumlu | Past, once possible | We would have helped you. |
Tavsiye yazı:
Hafıza teknikleri: Hafızanızı geliştirmeniz için 29 Altın Yöntem [Bilim destekli]
Test&Quiz. Kendinizi test edin
- https://agendaweb.org/verbs/modals-exercises.html
- https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/modal-verbs-exercises.html
- https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/modal-verbs/modal-verbs-index.htm
- https://test-english.com/grammar-points/b1/modal-verbs-of-deduction/
- https://elt.oup.com/student/solutions/advanced/grammar/grammar_08_022e?cc=tr&selLanguage=en
- https://www.english-4u.de/en/grammar-exercises/modal-verbs3.htm
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