İngilizce passive voice: edilgen fiil oluşturma (435 cümle örneği)18 min read

 

Cümlenin odağını değiştirmek için passive voice kullanırız.passive voice

 

  • My bike was stolen.(passive – odak bisiklette)
  • Someone stole my bike.(active – odak başkasında)

 

Genellikle passive voice (edilgen yapıyı) şu zamanlarda kullanırız:

 

Eylemi yapan kişi/şey önemsiz veya bilinmiyorsa kullanılır.

  • Our car was stolen last night.

 

Eylemi kimin/neyin yaptığı belli olduğunda kullanılır.

  • Cameron was sacked last week.

 

Özellikle bir süreci tarif ederken olgusal bilgileri tarif etmek için kullanılır.

  • The lasagna is baked in an oven for 35 minutes at 250 degrees Celsius.

 

Haberlerde ve talimat vermek için kullanılır.

  • Five people were arrested at a nightclub last night.

 

Fiil çekimini oluşturmak için yalnızca “be” fiilinin biçimi değişir.

  • Geçmiş participle aynı kalır. İşte pasifin en yaygın fiil çekimi örnekleri.

 

Active ve passive voice, Etken ve edilgen fiil çekimi kuralları

Fiil çekimiActive Voice Passive Voice 
Present Simpleplay/playsam, is, are + played
Present Continuousam, is, are + playingam, is, are + being + played
Present Perfecthave/has + playedhave/has + been + played
Present  Perfect Continuoushave/has + been + playingNo Passive Voice
Past Simpleplayedwas, were + played
Past Continuouswas, were + playingwas, were + being + played
Past Perfecthad + playedhad + been + played
Past Perfect Continuoushad + been + playingNo Passive Voice
Future Simpleshall/will + playshall/will + be + played
Future Continuousshall/will + playingNo Passive Voice
Future Perfectshall/will + have + beenshall/will + have + been+played
Future Perfect Continuousshall/ will + have + been + playingNo Passive Voice

 

Cümle örnekleri

 

To BePast ParticipleTense
Present SimpleThe butteriskept here.
Past SimpleThe windowwasbroken.
Future SimpleThe workwill bedone soon.
Present ContinuousThe bridgeis beingrepaired.
Past ContinuousThe cheesewas beingeaten by mice.
Present PerfectOur workhas beenfinished.
Past PerfectThe carhadn’t beenused much.
Future PerfectThe housewill have beenbuilt by then.
Modal Verb – CanThe shelfcan’t bereached.
Modal Verb – MustThe taskmust bedone now.
Modal Verb – MayThe lessonmay befinished.
Modal VerbThe carought to berepaired.

Passive voice – Edilgen soru cümleleri

Yardımcı fiillerle kullanımı

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
Have you done your work?Has your work been done by you?
Will you write a letter immediately?Will a letter be written immediately by you?
Can you lift this heavy box?Can this heavy box be lifted by you?
Has he informed you about this?Have you been informed about this by him?
Do you see English films?Are English films seen by you?
Did you finish work?Was the work finished by you?
Does she play chess?Is chess played by her?
Is he collecting the stamps?Are the stamps being collected by him?
Will you have finished your work by Saturday.Will your work have been finished by Saturday by you?
Can they arrange a meeting with the commanders?Can a meeting with the commanders be arranged by them?
Could you inform my friend about this immediately?Could my friend be informed about this immediately by you?
Can I interrupt you for an important matter?Can you be interrupted for an important matter by me?

Passive voice soru kelimeleriyle kullanımı

Examples:

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
Who wrote this novel?By whom was this novel written?
Who drove the bikes?By whom were the bikes driven?
Who opened the boxes?By whom have the boxes been opened?
Who taught you English?By whom was English taught to you? (Direct Object)
By whom were you taught English? (Indirect Object) (or)
Who were you taught English by? (Indirect Object)
Who gave her the letter?By whom was the letter given to her? (Direct Object)
By whom was she given a letter? (Indirect Object) (or)
Who was she given a letter by? (Indirect Object)
Who can buy that vehicle?By whom can that vehicle be bought?
Why don’t you call the police?Why aren’t the police called by you?
How do you appreciate her after this work?How is she appreciated after this work by you?
Why did the party suspend four MPs suddenly?Why were four MPs suddenly suspended by the party?
What information have you given him?What information has he been given by you?
How do you solve this difficult problem?How is this difficult problem solved by you?
Why are they interrogating the top stars in Bollywood?Why are the top stars in Bollywood being interrogated?
Why did you explain the problem in such a way?Why was the problem explained in such a way by you?

 

Fiil + edat (verb + preposition)

(Laugh at, listen to, looks after, break into, speak to, put out etc.these prepositions will not change their position.)

 

Examples:

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
She listens to music.Music is listened to by her.
We should not laugh at the poor.The poor should not be laughed at.
They are looking after the office well.The office is being looked after by them.
They broke into the grocery shop.The grocery shop was broken into by them.
Somebody has put out the light.The light has been put out.
The teacher is speaking to her students.Her students are being spoken to by the teacher.

 

By’ yerine başka edat kullanımı

 

toknown, married, obliged, etc.,
ininterested, absorbed etc.,
whensmell, taste, feel etc.,
atsurprised, shocked, alarmed, disappointed etc.,
withpleased, disgusted, impressed satisfied, etc.,

Examples:

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
I know the Prime Minister.The Prime Minister is known to me.
This programme may interest everyone.Everyone may be interested in this programme.
The results shocked me.I was shocked at the results.
Sugar tastes sweet.Sugar is sweet when tasted.
Her work has not satisfied me.I have not been satisfied with her work.
Their arrangements will definitely please the Minister.The Minister will definitely be pleased with their arrangements.

İki nesneli fiiller

Bazı geçişli fiillerin iki nesnesi olabilir. Bu gibi durumlarda biri doğrudan nesne, diğeri ise dolaylı nesne olarak adlandırılır.

Doğrudan ve dolaylı nesneler nasıl bulunur:

For example:

  • She gave me a flower.
  • she gave…… what?               a flower   (Direct Object)
  • she gave……. to whom?      to me       (Indirect Object)

 

Bu cümle edilgen fiil çekimi ile nasıl yazılır:

 

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
She gave me a flower.A flower was given to me by her. (Passive Voice with Direct Object)
I was given a flower by her.          (Passive Voice with Indirect Object)

 

İki nesneli örnekler;

 

Mr. Reddy taught us English.English was taught to us by Mr. Reddy. (D.O.)
We were taught English by Mr. Reddy. (I.O.)
My father has sent me some money.Some money has been sent to me by my father.
I have been sent some money by my father.
She offered her friend a cup of coffee.A cup of coffee was offered to me by her.
I was offered a cup of coffee by her.

 

Emir cümlelerinde fiil çekimi (istekler, tavsiyeler, komutlar)

 

Examples:

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
Please, open the door.You are requested to open the door.
Please, help the poor.You are requested to help the poor.
Don’t smoke cigarettes here.You are ordered not to smoke cigarettes here.
Study medicine.You are advised to study medicine.
They have a bill to pay.They have a bill to be paid.
Don’t follow me.You are ordered not to follow me. (or)
Let me be not followed.
Pay the fee.Let the fee be paid.
Finish your work first.Let your work be finished first.
Don’t waste your time.Let your time be not wasted.
Help your students.Let your students be helped.
Kill the snake.Let the snake be killed.
Drive your bike slowly.Let your bike be driven slowly.
Change the voice.Let the voice be changed.
See the picture.Let the picture be seen.

 

Let kullanımı

İzin verme anlamında:  Ex. Let me go! 

Önerme veya kabul etme anlamında: Ex. Let’s go! or Let’s get started!

Bir dilek anlamında, isteğe bağlı olarak: Ex. Let us help him.

 

Not

  • İlk iki örnekte edilgen yapı mümkün değildir.
  • Üçüncü örnekte edilgen yapı mümkündür ancak nadirdir. Bir bildirim cümlesi olarak ele alınabilir. Diğer örneklere göz atın;

 

Examples:

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
Let her solve the problem.Let the problem be solved by her.
Let us help him.Let him be helped by us.
Let him drive the bike.Let the bike be driven by him.
Let the children play games.Let games be played by the children.
Let her purchase a new car.Let a new car be purchased by her.
Let them follow the steps.Let the steps be followed by them.

 

‘Let kullanımı’ – Düz cümlelerde

Examples:

 

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
She does not let the kid play this game.The kid is not let play this game by her.
They can let me watch TV.I can be let watch TV.
Why don’t you let me drink coffee?Why am I not let drink coffee by you?
They will not let me do it.I shall not be let do it by them.
My friend is not letting her participate in Bigg Boss 4.She is not being let participate in Bigg Boss 4 by my friend.

 

To- Infinitive (mastar)

Examples:

 

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
They are to finish their lunch.Their lunch is to be finished by them.
I am to visit my friends.My friends are to be visited by me.
Venkat is to draw the amount from the bank.The amount is to be drawn from the bank by Venkat.
The officials have to take proper steps.Proper steps have to be taken by the Officials.
She has to finish her homework.Her homework has to be finished.

 

Fiil zamanlarına (tense) göre edilgen yapı

Simple Present Tense

 

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
He writes an essayAn essay is written by him
Sheena does the houseworkThe housework is done by Sheena
She cares for the rabbitThe rabbit is being cared for by her
Jacob always plays the guitarThe guitar is always played by Jacob
He sells bookBooks are sold by him
Mohan sings a songA song is sung by Mohan
Sita reads a bookA book is read by Sita
He writes a letterA letter is written by him
She plays cricketCricket is played by her
The grocer sells fresh vegetables.Fresh vegetables are sold by the grocer.
He reads a novel.A novel is read.
He does not cook food.Food is not cooked by him.
Does he purchase books?Are books purchased by him?
They grow plants.Plants are grown by them.
She teaches me.I am taught by her.
I write poems.Poems are written by me.
We do not learn English grammar.English grammar is not learnt by us.
People speak English all over the world.English is spoken all over the world. (by  people)
I like this song very much.This song is liked very much by me.
I know the Prime Minister.The Prime Minister is known to me.
We do not know the future.The future is not known to me.
We don’t allow them to sell radios here.They are not allowed to sell radios here.
He does not read two newspapers daily.Two newspapers are not read by him daily.

Present Continuous Tense

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
They are eating bananasThe bananas are being eaten by them
Bob is drawing a diagramA diagram is being drawn by Bob
Samta is playing the pianoA piano is being played by Samta
She is waiting for ReemaReema is being waited for by her
My boss is giving many assignments.Many assignments are being given by my boss.
Esha is singing a song.A song is being sung by Esha.
Kritika is not chopping vegetables.Vegetables are not being chopped by Kritika.
Is Ritika buying a table?Is a table being bought by Ritika?
They are serving poor people.Poor people are being served by them.
She is disturbing Dinesh.Dinesh is being disturbed by her.
She is milking the cow.The cow is being milked by her.
The boys are not playing cricketCricket is not being played by the boys.
We are learning English grammar.English grammar is being length by us.
He is following her.She is being followed by him.
She is driving the car.The car is being driven by her.

Present Perfect Tense

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
Has he done the work?Has the work been done by him?
Have they left the apartment?Has the apartment been left by them?
He created this masterpieceThis masterpiece is created by him
He read the newspaperThe newspaper is being read by him
I have made some teaTea has been made by me
I have taken him out.He has been taken out by me.
Nitesh has challenged her.She has been challenged by Nitesh.
Radhika has not written an article.An article has not been written by Radhika.
Have they left the apartment?Has apartment been left by them?
She has created this masterpiece.This masterpiece has been created by her.
I have read the newspaper.The newspaper has been read by me.
She has seen it several times.It has been seen by her several times.
Leela has not punished her husband.Her husband has not been punished by Leela.
We have not announced the prizes of the recent games.The prizes of the recent games have not been announced. by us
I have not taken the food as I am ill.As I am ill, the food has not been taken by me.
Shivani has really sung a melodious song.A melodious song has really been sung by Shivani.

Note- [Bazı istisnalar dışında aşağıdaki fiil zamanları için edilgen yapı oluşturulmaz. , Present Perfect Continuous Tense, Past Perfect Continuous Tense, Future Perfect Continuous Tense ve Future Continuous Tense]

 

Simple Past Tense

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
Ria paid the billsThe bills were paid by Ria
The teacher called the studentThe student was called by the teacher
She did not buy the fruitsThe fruits were not bought by her
He built a large house.A large house was built by him.
She was cooking dinner.Dinner was being cooked by her.
Reema cleaned the floor.The floor was cleaned by Reema.
Aisha bought a bicycle.A bicycle was bought by Aisha.
Naman called my friends.My friends were called by Naman.
I saved him.He was saved by me.
Miraya paid the bills.The bills were paid by Miraya.
He wrote many poems.Many poems were written by him.
I did not understand the voice.The voice was not understood by me.
Ricky broke the remote.The remote was broken by Ricky.
They paid the fee on time.The fee was paid on time by them.
Snehith got the first rank.The first rank has been got by Snehith.
The cat drank all the milk.All the milk was drunk by the cat.
I did not see the film.The film was not seen by me.
Middlemen misused the farmers’ rights.The farmers’ rights were misused by the middlemen.

Past Progressive/Continuous Tense

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
They were waiting for himHe was being waited for by them
Astha was learning FrenchFrench was being learnt by Astha
She was playing kabaddiKabaddi was being played by her
Nitika was painting the wall.The wall was being painted by Nitika.
Manish was repairing the car.The car was being repaired by Manish.
Were you reciting the poem?Was the poem being recited?
She was baking the cake.The cake was being baked by her.
She was watching me.I was being watched by her.
She was practicing karate.Karate was being practiced by her.
My friend was not forcing them to do it.They were not being forced to do it by my friend.

Past Perfect Tense

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
She won the matchThe match had been won by her
I had finished her workHer work had been finished by me
He had missed the last metroThe last metro had been missed by him
She had posted the letter.The letter had been posted by her.
Misha had cleaned the floor.The floor had been cleaned by Misha.
Vidhi had not received the parcel.The parcel had not been received by Vidhi.
Vishal had solved the doubt.The doubt had been solved.
Had they caught the thief?Had the thief been caught by them?
I had paid fifty thousand.Fifty thousand had been paid by me.
He had made several mistakes.Several mistakes had been made by him.
Vicky had not composed pop songs in German.Pop songs in German had not been composed by Vicky.

Simple Future Tense

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
He will write a letterA letter will be written by him
He will repair her cycleHer cycle will be repaired by him
He shall start the meetingThe meeting will be started by him
I will give you a present.A present will be given to you by me.
Kriya will sew the bag.The bag will be sewed by Kriya.
Disha will not arrange the things.The things will not be arranged by Disha.
Will you mop the floor?Will the floor be mopped by you?
They will post the letter.The letter will be posted.
Reena will save money.Money will be saved by Reena.
They will accompany you.You will be accompanied by them,
I shall not ask you that again.You will not be asked that again by me.
My friend will have attended the class.The class will have been attended by my friend.
The teacher will explain the lesson.The lesson will be explained by the teacher.
They will not learn a new language.A new language will not be learnt by them.
He will certainly help me.I shall certainly be helped by her.

 

Future Perfect Tense

 

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
Meena will not have changed the bedsheetThe bed sheet will not have been changed by Meena
They will have won the matchThe match will have been won by them
Reena will have washed the skirtThe skirt will have been washed by Reen
The doctor shall have examined ten patients by 10 O’clock.Ten patients will have been examined by 10 O’clock by the doctor.
They will have brought the toy.The toy will have been brought by them.
Nimesh will not have changed the table cover.The table cover will not have been changed by Nimesh.
Will she have written the notes.Will the notes have been written by her?
They will have won the match.The match will have been won by them.
Vijay will have washed a shirt.A shirt will have been washed by Vijay.
He will have saved some amount by next year.By next year, some amount will have been saved by him.
I shall not have studied all the books.All the books will not have been studied by me.

 

Edilgen fiil çekimlerinde modal fiiller (istek ve dilek şart kipi)

(can, could, shall, should, will, would, must, have to, had to, has to, need to, ought to)

 

Active Voice (Etken yapı)Passive Voice (Edilgen yapı)
Can
The boys can select any game.Any game can be selected by the boys.
I can ask the principal to help him.The principal can be asked to help him by me.
I can lift the box.The box can be lifted by me.
No one can answer my question.My question cannot be answered.
No one can beat my brother at tennis.My brother can never be beaten at tennis.
The farmers can sell their products anywhere else.Their products can be sold anywhere else by the farmers.
Have to
They have to watch these interesting movies.These interesting movies have to be watched by them.
The doctor has to examine you again.You have to be examined by the doctor.
Could
He could not ask her to join the party.She could not be asked to join the party by him.
Must
We must not take these books away.These books must not be taken away. (by us)
You must visit this place to take care of the people.This place must be visited to take care of the people by you.
You must follow the COVID rules to conduct a meeting.The COVID rules must be followed to conduct a meeting. (by you)
May
He may attend the function tomorrow.The function may be attended tomorrow by him.
Should
One should keep one’s promises.One’s promises should be kept. (by one)
You should not punish the children.The children should not be punished.
You should not blame others for your misfortune.Others should not be blamed for your misfortune.

 

Tavsiye yazı: 

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